Meta note : am not sure if this is on topic for this community, please tell me if it is not. I could not find rules, so I assume it’s okay, but i’ll remove it if its not. (Also, please consider the info given here with precaution, for they are only based on people feedback and media report, not any technical certainty).

So, after the recent Mozilla privacy drama, I saw multiple recommendations of alternative browsers, each one with their pros and cons. I was trying to get a better understanding of which one was good/bad for which reasons, and I thought i might share it here so people with more knowledge can correct my takes.

Here is what I could get so far, based mostly on Lemmy comments and Wikipedia pages. This is aimed at browser that share some of Firefox values (foss, independency, (maybe) privacy, etc), so I excluded Chrome, Edge, and others. I’m open to any feedback/infos/browser suggestions to get a more accurate summary !

Browser FOSS Privacy Features Browser Family [1] Platforms Notes
Firefox ✅ ❌ ✅ Firefox WMLAI AI interest
Brave ✅ 🟠[2] ✅ Chromium WMLAI Crypto interest[3], bigot CEO[4]
Vivaldi 🟠[5] 🟠[6] ✅ Chromium WMLAI Aims to be a better Opera
Ungoogled Chromium ✅ ✅ ✅ Chromium WMLA Removes Google tracking and specific components
Cromite ✅ ✅ ✅ Chromium WLA Removes most Google tracking and keeps some specific components
DuckDuckGo Browser ❌ ❓[7] ✅ Chromium/Independent[8] WMAI
Zen Browser ✅ ✅ ✅ Firefox WML
Librewolf ✅ ✅ 🟠[9] Firefox WML [10]
Waterfox ✅ 🟠[11] ✅ Firefox WMLA
Floorp ✅ ✅ ✅ Firefox WML
GNU IceCat ✅ ❓ ✅ Firefox WML Firefox without copyrighted content and with a bit more privacy
Tor Browser ✅ ✅ 🟠[12] Firefox WMLA
Mullvad Browser ✅ ✅ ❌[13] Firefox WML Made by the Tor team and Mullvad (VPN providers)
IronFox ✅ ✅ ❓ Firefox A
Orion Browser ✅ ✅ ✅ Independent MAI In beta, claims to be top browser in terms of tracker blocking, considers making a Windows version, AI interest[14]
Ladybird ✅ ❓[15] 🟠 Independent ML Very early development stage, based on Ladybird engine, bigot devs[16]
Verso ✅ ❓[17] ❌[18] Independent WML Very very early development stage (you have to compile it yourself for now (early 2025)), based on Servo engine, written in Rust

Notes : Privacy is based on Firefox level, which I considered “bad” for the sake of the comparison. Browser family is the browser on which each is browser is based, mostly Chromium, Firefox or none. I first called it Engine and it was unclear. Features is to identify barebones browsers and how much risk there is to find websites not compatible with those browsers. Question mark is for when there is a debate or I could not find infos. Platforms is for the platforms on which the browser is available. To keep it tight, only one letter per platform : W for Windows, M for macOS, L for GNU/Linux, A for Android, I for iOS.

contributors : Blazing8215@fedia.io, CubitOom@infosec.pub, cabbage@piefed.social, null_dot@lemmy.dbzer0.com, Mwa@lemm.ee, dojan@lemmy.world, BananaTrifleViolin@lemmy.world, hal_5700X@sh.itjust.works, coldsideofyourpillow@lemmy.cafe

Edit 1 : added Vivaldi, Floorp and Ironfox, clarify ‘Engine dependency’ column, add ‘Platforms’ column, add bigot warning for ladybird.
Edit 2 : added Mwa@lemm.ee table (Tor, Ungoogled chromium, Cromite) and IceCat, updated info on Vivaldi
Edit 3 : add Orion Browser, corrects lines to group browser together by engine, added users whose infos I used via edits
Edit 4 : corrected Brave and Opera Privacy rating.
Edit 5 : removed Opera since both Privacy and FOSS would be bad. Updated Vivaldi Privacy rating.
Edit 6 : changing Engine category to Browser Family and adding explanation.
Edit 7 : added DuckDuckGo Browser and a warning about the reliability of this summary.
Edit 8 : added link to Orion Browser and corrected Mullvad’s family.
Edit 9 : added Verso.

  1. most browsers are fork of or rely on another browser. The two main “source” browsers are Chromium and Firefox, resulting here in three main categories : Chromium-based, Firefox-based and Independent. This is sometimes called the engine, though technically the engine is different (engines are Gecko (used by Firefox), Blink (used by Chromium), Webkit (used by Safari and Orion), and also Ladybird and Servo which are in development). ↩︎

  2. they have a lot of optional data collecting, from their Privacy Policy ↩︎

  3. from Brave’s Wikipedia page. ↩︎

  4. from his personal Wikipedia page. ↩︎

  5. some parts are open source, but the UI is proprietary ↩︎

  6. they collect data for statistics, from their Privacy Policy ↩︎

  7. they let Microsoft trackers active because of legal bounds due to their use of Bing. They recognized that but now claim that these legal bounds are no more and that they started blocking Microsoft trackers along others. ↩︎

  8. technically, it seems that DuckDuckGo browser is not a fork from Chromium, but they use the Chromium engine Blink for their Windows and Android edition, and the WebKit engine (used by Safari and most “Independent” labelled browsers) for their macOS and iOS editions, according to the Wikipedia page. ↩︎

  9. some websites may be blocked due to stricter privacy setups, according to LinuxSecurity’s article cited on Wikipedia. ↩︎

  10. some users seemed to fear that having a small team, Librewolf would be late on security patches, but their FAQ seems to say it’s ok. ↩︎

  11. from Waterfox’s Wikipedia page, linking to Exodus report stating that android version of Waterfox uses same trackers as Firefox. ↩︎

  12. some websites might block tor network ↩︎

  13. lemmy users said it is barebones and their FAQ says it has little features by design to prevent fingerprinting. ↩︎

  14. from the Kagi Wikipedia page and lemmy comments. ↩︎

  15. could not find infos on their website or wikipedia page. Probably not that bad, but since it is in early development, it may evolve in better ways than other. ↩︎

  16. from their github, considering gender neutral wording is politics and does not belong in ladybird. ↩︎

  17. unknown for the moment since it is in very early development. ↩︎

  18. meant to be a demonstration of the Servo engine, so quite rough for now (early 2025) but meant to get more and more features as time goes on. ↩︎

  • BananaTrifleViolin@lemmy.worldEnglish
    231·
    14 days ago

    You have a bizarre notion of “privacy”. Have you read the terms and conditions, and privacy policies of Brave, Opera and Vivaldi? Have you read Firefox’s?

    Mozilla have also made clear the data licensing terms:

    UPDATE: We’ve seen a little confusion about the language regarding licenses, so we want to clear that up. We need a license to allow us to make some of the basic functionality of Firefox possible. Without it, we couldn’t use information typed into Firefox, for example. It does NOT give us ownership of your data or a right to use it for anything other than what is described in the Privacy Notice.

    And the term that has been causing such concern:

    You give Mozilla the rights necessary to operate Firefox. This includes processing your data as we describe in the Firefox Privacy Notice. It also includes a nonexclusive, royalty-free, worldwide license for the purpose of doing as you request with the content you input in Firefox. This does not give Mozilla any ownership in that content.

    A lot of the posts on social media about this is just noise and overreaction. They’re making explicit something that has been implicit for decades and is exactly the same with other browsers (and if anything more murky and opaque)

    Edit: and if the concern is the AI chatbot stuff (which is optional) then Brave has the same kind of stuff in its privacy policy alongside a myriad of other commerical uses of your data.

    • Takapapatapaka@lemmy.worldOP
      414·
      14 days ago

      Yup, I’m totally eyeballing things here, I did not read any ToS or Privacy Policies, this is just based on whatever vague feedback i can get. If I don’t see negative feedback on Lemmy and Wikipedia and the website says they are doing “privacy”, i go for the top note. But if have info to share, i’ll gladly update it !

  • gedaliyah@lemmy.world
    9·
    14 days ago

    Couple quick corrections:

    The Firefox engine is called Gecko, although it is pretty closely associated with Firefox, so not sure it needs to be changed. Mullvad is built on Firefox (Gecko engine). Orion is built on Safari (WebKit engine).

    Great list!

    Personally, I’m happily sticking with Firefox. It’s pretty clear that this legal change is to facilitate new browser features and Firefox (as is their tradition) bungled the rollout and explanation. Browsers are changing and we need Firefox more than ever. It can’t really be considered a privacy browser anymore, but that is covered by the forks that depend on Mozilla development.

    • Takapapatapaka@lemmy.worldOP
      1·
      14 days ago

      Thanks for the clarification. If i’m not mistaken, Chromium is not an engine either, but a browser forked to create many other, like firefox. That’s what I was trying to show with this ‘engine’ column : would you have an idea for a better name? Maybe Browser Family? Fork of?

      Yup, in the end I think I’m going to stick with Firefox family for a while too, there really only seem to be chromium based, firefox based or tech enthusiast (as in either hyper focused on privacy or in early development) options.

      • gedaliyah@lemmy.world
        3·
        14 days ago

        Yes, Chromium-based browsers technically run on the Blink engine. I like family, although I think it’s fine to call it the “Chromium engine” or “Firefox engine” for general comparison purposes. WebKit is the Safari engine.

  • ijon_the_human@lemmy.world
    102·
    14 days ago

    Thanks for making the post! I’m sure many will find it helpful.

    Myself I’m inclined to trust old school (f)oss projects much more than these new “privacy focused” solutions that seem to have the half life of a fart.

    I’ll probably stick with a firefox fork for now, there’s plenty of them and it allows me to keep all of my addons and configs.

      • CubitOom@infosec.pubEnglish
        3·
        14 days ago

        It might be less confusing to simply list the engines being used. It ruins the check mark aesthetic but I think the info is more important.

  • CubitOom@infosec.pubEnglish
    6·
    14 days ago

    Ironfox is worth a mention even though it is Android specific.

    It’s too bad that mull browser is not planning to support an android release according to issue #24

    Perhaps it would be good to add a column of which platforms each browser supports?

  • Dojan@lemmy.world
    5·
    14 days ago

    I’ve been on LibreWolf for a year. Honestly I’ve run into very few issues, the biggest being that certain functions require canvas access for some reason, I have a different browser for edge-cases where things don’t work and I need to use it.

    Anything Chromium based for me goes out the window immediately, because it is still subject to the whims of Google, as Google owns the Chromium project and does whatever they please. I’m not okay with Google owning the web.

    There is also Orion, which is currently Mac, iOS/iPad OS only but there’s discussions about it coming to Linux and Windows in the future. It’s WebKit based, and the development is funded by the Orion and Kagi subscriptions. Kagi does do a bunch of AI bullshit, and started off as some AI BS company so that’s perhaps something to keep in mind.

  • Mwa@lemm.eeEnglish
    5·
    14 days ago

    Imma additionally mention some browsers

    Browser FOSS Privacy Engine Independence Features Notes
    Tor Browser ✅ ✅️ ❌️ ✅ websites are known to block tor network,Firefox fork
    Vivaldi 🟠 [1] 🟠 [2] ❌️ ✅ A chromium fork
    Ungoogled chromium ✅️ ✅️ ❌️ ❓️ A chromium fork,Removes Google tracking and specific components
    Cromite ✅️ ✅️ ❌️ ✅️ [3]: A chromium fork,Removes most Google tracking and keeps some specific components

    1. The ui of the browser is proprietary: https://vivaldi.com/blog/technology/why-isnt-vivaldi-browser-open-source/ ↩︎

    2. Uses bing as default search engine can be changed ↩︎

    3. Adds some features like userscript and adblocking etc ↩︎

    • Takapapatapaka@lemmy.worldOP
      1·
      14 days ago

      Neat, thanks for all that info ! Do you mind if i append your table to mine ? Also, I think Ungoogled Chromium depends on the chromium engine ? I’ll try to make a Engine column stating the engine explicitly anyway.

      • Mwa@lemm.eeEnglish
        2·
        14 days ago

        Do you mind if i append your table to mine

        Sure why not i thought they meant search engine not browser engine

  • woelkchen@lemmy.world
    4·
    14 days ago

    Engine Independence is based on the engine used : Chromium is “bad”, Firefox based is “correct” and others are good.

    That doesn’t make sense. If people leave Firefox for a Firefox fork and eventually Firefox may go down, all its forks are fucked as well. So these browsers don’t have Engine Independence.

    • Takapapatapaka@lemmy.worldOP
      2·
      14 days ago

      Yes, it’s just to make the difference between Chromium (dependent on already bad dependency) and Firefox based (dependent on maybe bad dependency in the future). I agree that both are technically at the same level of straight up independence which is bad, its just to use the 3-tier notation

  • sarcasticsunrise@lemmy.world
    31·
    14 days ago

    Massive big props to OP and everyone who helped compiling this list. I’m not computer illiterate, but a lot of you on here are leaps and bounds more tech savvy than I 😘

  • dirtySourdough@lemmy.world
    2·
    14 days ago

    I haven’t seen mention of duckduckgo in this thread or related ones. I use it regularly and I don’t have too many issues with it. Anyone aware of concerns with it?

    • Takapapatapaka@lemmy.worldOP
      2·
      14 days ago

      Never heard of the browser even though the search engine is my main one across all devices.

      I’ll try to add it tomorrow if you use it without big issues, mentioning the controversy with microsoft products pointed out in the comments.

  • RustyNova@lemmy.world
    2·
    10 days ago

    9: True, but there is a toggle in the address bar. Like the cookies. So no need to search in the settings to unblock it

    10: from experience, they are ~1 day behind max on security updates. For regular one, ~1 to 2 days.

    • Takapapatapaka@lemmy.worldOP
      1·
      13 days ago

      I think what you’re looking for is the “Platforms” column, check out for the A letter (or I if you use iOS). Beware though, some that are labelled “A” may not be present in the play store or officials app stores, but only available via apk packages, or via F-Droid, so the convenience may vary (I checked quickly, and Firefox/Waterfox/Tor/DDG are on playstore, I think ungoogled-chromium/Chromite/Ironfox might be apk/F-droid only).

      If i misunderstood your question, tell me ;)

  • rheuz@lemmy.world
    21·
    14 days ago

    Is using Firefox w/ a hardened user.js file, like arkenfox, viable for mitigating some of these privacy concerns or are the changes far more fundamentally baked into the browser? My point being, privacy enthusiasts have always been advocating hardening FF over vanilla, so I’m wondering how much has really changed.

    • Takapapatapaka@lemmy.worldOP
      21·
      14 days ago

      I’m not a technical person, but from what I can gather, probably nothing has changed. The communication of Firefox around privacy sparks fear that there may be changes in the future, and that’s why i was looking at alternatives, but for now firefox is probably as good as it is thought to be.

      For anyone with more technical knowledge, feel free to correct me.